Ethno-socio-psychological stereotypes and their role in inter-ethnic relations in the Otavalo-Cotacachi area

Abstract

This article explores the role of ethno-socio-psychological stereotypes in interethnic relations in the Otavalo-Cotacachi area, where long-term coexistence between ethnic groups has generated a reciprocal evaluation that significantly influences social dynamics. It examines how these stereotypes, which reflect the realities of pre-class societies and the tensions inherent to class-divided societies, have evolved over time. In particular, the article analyzes the formation of stereotypes since the Inca invasion and subsequent Spanish colonization, highlighting how these have shaped the perception of identity and interethnic relations in contemporary Ecuador. The research demonstrates that while old stereotypes have been replaced or modified, their influence persists in current social consciousness. The study concludes that overcoming negative stereotypes and promoting ethnic equality are essential for social reconciliation and cohesion.